CBSE Class 10th Science Model Paper 2025 – As the CBSE Class 10th Science examination is near, appropriate preparation is necessary for a good result-oriented approach. To test the student’s knowledge of different scientific concepts the 2025 model paper for Science consists of multiple-choice questions, short questions and essay-type questions. In this Connection, we are going to go deep into understanding the structure of the CBSE Class 10th Science model paper for 2025 such as the format, marking and some important instructions for the students to follow.
CBSE Class 10th Science Model Paper 2025 With Solution
General Instructions:
- Compulsory Questions: There are no optional questions in the paper which implies that every question in the paper must be answered. Still, the paper provides an internal choice in about one-third of the questions. This flexibility construes two similar questions for the students to answer, thus giving the students some ease.
- Competency-based Questions: A good part of the paper will consist of competency-based questions, for which 50 per cent proportion of the total marks have been assigned. These questions will test a student’s practical knowledge thereby encouraging the student not only to learn the theory but also learn how to apply it.
- Breakdown of Sections:
- Section A (1 mark each): This section comprises 16 simple/complex MCQ questions and 04 Assertion-Reasoning type questions. Each question carries 1 mark. MCQs will work to check the factual knowledge of the students and, on the other hand, Assertion-Reasoning type questions will provide a logical interpretation of concepts to students.
- Section B (2 marks each): This section contains 6 Short Answer (SA) type questions with each question having 2 marks. This set of questions is meant to assess the summarized knowledge of the subject as well as their answers should be clear and concise.
- Section C (3 marks each): Here there are seven questions of the short answer SA type totaling three marks each. These questions are slightly more developed or framed and might present students with an explanation or analysis of scientific concepts in a more complex manner.
- Section D (5 marks each): This section consists of 3 Long Answer (LA) type questions and each question is of 5 marks. Such questions will call for an elaborate response or critical evaluation and causative analysis concerning scientific matters. To do so, the students are expected to give full expositions about any subject matter they are asked about.
- Section E (4 marks each): There are 3 source/case/passage/integrated units of assessment in this section, with sub-part awards of 1/2/3. Employing knowledge questions, these questions pose concerns amounting to analysing the information in actual-life problems or passages.
Section A (1 Mark Each)
Multiple-choice questions (MCQs)
- Which of the following is a non-renewable resource? a) Solar Energy
b) Wind Energy
c) Coal
d) Biomass - The chemical formula for methane is: a) CH3
b) CH4
c) C2H6
d) C2H4 - What is the SI unit of force? a) Joule
b) Newton
c) Watt
d) Pascal - Which part of the human brain controls balance and coordination? a) Cerebrum
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla
d) Hypothalamus - The SI unit of electrical resistance is: a) Ohm
b) Ampere
c) Volt
d) Watt - Which of the following materials is a good conductor of electricity? a) Rubber
b) Copper
c) Wood
d) Plastic - The process of photosynthesis requires: a) Oxygen
b) Sunlight
c) Nitrogen
d) Carbon dioxide - Which of the following is the main component of natural gas? a) Ethane
b) Propane
c) Methane
d) Butane - Which of the following is a method to separate a mixture of oil and water? a) Filtration
b) Evaporation
c) Decantation
d) Chromatography - Which of the following is the strongest acid? a) Acetic acid
b) Sulfuric acid
c) Hydrochloric acid
d) Nitric acid - Which of the following elements is a noble gas? a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Argon
d) Carbon - What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the resistance of a conductor? a) Increases resistance
b) Decreases resistance
c) No effect
d) Resistance becomes zero - Which type of lens is used to correct hypermetropia (farsightedness)? a) Concave lens
b) Convex lens
c) Bifocal lens
d) None of the above - The process of removing waste products from the body is known as: a) Respiration.
b) Excretion
c) Circulation
d) Digestion - Which of the following is the unit of electric power? a) Ampere
b) Ohm
c) Watt
d) Volt - What is the main function of red blood cells? a) Transport oxygen
b) Fight infections
c) Carry carbon dioxide
d) Maintain body temperature
Assertion-Reasoning Questions:
- Assertion: When light passes through a convex lens, it converges at a point.
Reason: Convex lenses are converging lenses.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. - Assertion: The resistance of a conductor depends on its length and cross-sectional area.
Reason: A longer conductor offers less resistance.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. - Assertion: The process of respiration in humans takes place in the lungs.
Reason: Oxygen from the air is absorbed in the lungs and transported to different parts of the body through the bloodstream.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. - Assertion: The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons.
Reason: Electrons are present in the nucleus of the atom.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Section B (2 Marks Each)
- Explain how the process of photosynthesis helps in maintaining the oxygen balance in the environment.
- What is the difference between an acid and a base? Give one example of each.
- Define the term “moment of force” and give its SI unit.
- What is the role of the ‘cerebellum’ in the human body?
- Name two methods of contraception that prevent the fertilization of the egg.
- What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change? Give one example of each.
Section C (3 Marks Each)
- Define the term ‘refraction of light.’ Derive the laws of refraction of light.
- A 10 kg object is moving at a speed of 5 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.
- What is the significance of the pH scale? Explain how the pH of the soil can affect plant growth.
- Describe the structure of an atom with a diagram. Mention the basic particles found in it.
- Explain the process of human respiration with the help of a diagram.
- What is the function of the ‘nephrons’ in the kidneys? Explain the filtration process.
- Describe the structure and functioning of the human heart.
Section D (5 Marks Each)
- Explain the process of sexual reproduction in flowering plants with the help of a labelled diagram.
- Describe the process of digestion in humans. How are nutrients absorbed in the small intestine?
- Explain the concept of “Force and Laws of Motion” as proposed by Newton. Give examples for each of the three laws of motion.
Section E (4 Marks Each)
Note: Answer the questions based on the case study, passage, or source provided. Each question carries 4 marks.
Case Study 1:
In a laboratory, a student uses a concave lens to form an image of an object. The object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from the lens, and the image formed is virtual and erect. The student notices that the image size is smaller than the object.
- (i) What is the focal length of the concave lens?
- (ii) How does the position of the object affect the nature of the image formed by a concave lens?
Case Study 2:
A metal object is heated and then cooled. The student measures its length at different temperatures and notes that the metal expands as the temperature increases.
- (i) What property of the metal is being demonstrated?
- (ii) How can the expansion of materials be useful in everyday applications?
Case Study 3:
A car is moving at a constant speed of 20 m/s on a straight road. The driver suddenly applies the brakes, and the car comes to a halt in 5 seconds. The driver notices a reduction in the kinetic energy of the car.
- (i) Calculate the work done to stop the car.
- (ii) What is the relationship between work and energy in this context?
Class 10th Science Model Paper Solution 2025
- Answer: c) Coal
Coal is a non-renewable resource because it takes millions of years to form and is consumed faster than it can be replenished. - Answer: b) CH4
Methane (CH4) consists of one carbon atom bonded to four hydrogen atoms. - Answer: b) Newton
The SI unit of force is the Newton (N), which is defined as the force required to accelerate a 1 kg mass by 1 m/s². - Answer: b) Cerebellum
The cerebellum is responsible for the coordination of voluntary movements and balance. - Answer: a) Ohm
The SI unit of electrical resistance is the Ohm (Ω). - Answer: b) Copper
Copper is a good conductor of electricity due to its low resistance and high conductivity. - Answer: b) Sunlight
Sunlight is essential for photosynthesis, where plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. - Answer: c) Methane
Methane (CH4) is the primary component of natural gas. - Answer: c) Decantation
Decantation is the process of separating oil from water by pouring the top layer off, as oil and water don’t mix. - Answer: b) Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is one of the strongest acids used in industrial processes. - Answer: c) Argon
Argon is a noble gas that is chemically inert and is found in the atmosphere. - Answer: a) Increases resistance
The resistance of most conductors increases with an increase in temperature. - Answer: b) Convex lens
A convex lens is used to correct hypermetropia by converging light rays before they reach the eye. - Answer: b) Excretion
Excretion is the process by which waste products are removed from the body. - Answer: c) Watt
The SI unit of electric power is the Watt (W), which is the rate at which energy is consumed or produced. - Answer: a) Transport oxygen
Red blood cells (RBCs) are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs.
- Answer: a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Convex lenses cause parallel light rays to converge at a focal point, as explained by the laws of refraction. - Answer: c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
The resistance of a conductor increases with length and decreases with an increase in the cross-sectional area. The reason given is incorrect because a longer conductor offers more resistance. - Answer: a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
Respiration is the process by which oxygen is absorbed in the lungs and transported to body cells through the bloodstream. - Answer: c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, but electrons are found in orbitals outside the nucleus.
Conclusion
Science is one of the intensely important and most preferred subjects of CBSE Class 10th and the model paper of the year 2025 will focus on as well on assessment of the conceptual knowledge and the utility of Science learning. If students are prepared across different questions, practising competency questions and spending time on using proper time management, they will feel at ease when tackling the upcoming examination. It is highly advisable to actually practice the fundamentals of science often as well as familiarize oneself with every concept in this examination.
